Exercícios - Present - Inglês

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61
UPE 2012
_____________I______________ so much more to Japanese cuisine than the sushi that’s so popular today. The simple and delicate flavors of sauce, miso, sake and mirin (sweet rice wine) abound in styles of cooking that range from yakitori (in which ingredients are grilled) to tempura (in which ingredients are dipped in batter and lightly fried to a delicate crisp). Since flavor and aesthetics are of great importance in Japanese cooking, well-prepared Japanese dishes are both ______________II______________and ______________III______________, a real treat for stomach and the eye. (Adaptado de Beyond the sushi: the pleasures of Japanese food. In: All Set!. DONNINI, Lívia &MPLATERO, Luciana. Boston (MA): Heinly Cengage Learning, 2009.) Considerando a gramática e o contexto, a sequência cujas palavras completam corretamente as lacunas I, II e III está na alternativa
62
UEMA 2015
Frejat In 1985, Frejat, then guitarist for Barão Vermelho, hit the stage wearing green and yellow clothes. It was January 15th, the day in which Tancredo Neves was named president of Brazil. Cazuza sang "Pro Dia Nascer Feliz" with lots of enthusiasm. Frejat returns to the festival this year for a solo performance on October 1st. Fonte: Disponível em: TAM. TAM nas nuvens. São Paulo: New Content Editora, set/2011. Change the following sentence to the simple present tense: Cazuza sang "Pro Dia Nascer Feliz".
63
MACKENZIE 2012
Buffalo Springfield, Pearl Jam Rock Bridge School Benefit The annual Bridge School Benefit has featured special acoustic sets by everybody from David Bowie and Paul McCartney to Metallica and Phish. But for the 24th edition, on October 23rd and 24th, organizer Neil Young unveiled a stunning finale: the first set since 1968 by his old band Buffalo Springfield. “From my perspective, we just picked up where we left off many, many years ago,” says singer Richie Furay. “It was almost like going back in time.” (...) At the end of their set, which included “Black” and “Better Man”, Young joined them on his new tune “Walk With Me.” “We played it for him backstage, and he said, ‘That’s basically it, but let me show you what you aren’t playing,’ ”says Pearl Jam guitarist Stone Gossard. “We _ _ _ _ _( I )_ _ _ _ _ an interaction with him that _ _( II )_ _ a lesson in the sheer, raw love of rock.” Rolling Stone As formas verbais corretas para se completar as lacunas I e II são:
64
UNESP 2006
How do terrorist organizations use the internet? The internet is an increasingly useful tool for terrorists, whose online activities include information-sharing, propaganda, and possibly, cyber terrorism. Over the last ten years, the number of terrorist sites has jumped from less than 100 to as many as 4,000. "This has particularly taken off since the war in Iraq, as many of the insurgency groups there have many sites and message boards to help their network", says SITE Institute, a Washington DC-based terrorist-tracking group. "The greatest advantage [of the internet] is stealth", says John Arquilla, professor of defense analysis at the Naval Postgraduate School. "[Terrorists] swim in an ocean of bits and bytes". But the same anonymity that draws terrorists into the cyber world may also enable law-enforcement officials to spy on them undetected. (...) Today, terrorists give orders, plan attacks, and even send funds via online message boards and chat rooms. Terrorist sites also serve as virtual training grounds, offering tutorials on making bombs, firing surface-to-air missiles, shooting at U.S. soldiers, and sneaking into Iraq from abroad. The internet also provides a venue for terrorists to disseminate their message, experts say. Terrorist sites broadcast propaganda videos designed to boost morale, raise funds, or recruit new members. (...) There is some debate within the counterterrorism community about how to combat terrorist sites. Some experts say monitoring websites can provide valuable information about terrorist activities. "You can see who's posting what and who's paying for it", one expert says. (...) Other experts advocate a more aggressive approach; they say shutting down websites, even temporarily, can disrupt a terrorist group's activities. The United States have tried to prosecute webmasters who run terrorist websites in the West, but has run into opposition from free speech advocates. "Sites that tell the terrorist side of the story go right up to the brink of civil liberties", Arquilla says. Disponível em: http://cfrterrorism.org/home. Indique a alternativa que preenche corretamente a sentença: Although it is possible to identify who ............... a website, it is impossible to avoid .................... some ethical consequences of disclosing anonymity.
65
UFRGS 2005
Complete the sentence below with the best alternative. In the past, English cavaliers ________ swords while ________ on the left.
66
UPE 2013
THE CARBON CONNECTION “Tackling climate change is a huge challenge for the world, and one where the mobile telecommunications industry can make a great contribution.” (Vittorio Colao, Vodafone Group CEO) We don’t agree on everything, but the world does seem to agree on one thing: Global warming is happening, and it’s causing big problems. And the biggest cause of global warming is carbon in the form of carbon dioxide produced by burning coal and oil. Carbon dioxide in the atmosphere keeps heat from escaping into space. Long ago, this greenhouse effect was a good thing. It kept the Earth from becoming too cold. But in modern times, more carbon dioxide has been entering the atmosphere, so less heat can escape. We’ve already raised the Earth’s temperature over one degree Fahrenheit, and we can see the devastating effects – melting polar ice, retreating glaciers, severe weather, and changes in the sea life. The solution is to burn less, but with the Earth’s population growing, how can this be accomplished? The answer, according to the experts, is not one amazing new technology, but rather all of the existing technologies combined. […] Using less energy to begin with may be the easiest way for most of us to decrease carbon emissions. Switching from old‐fashioned incandescent light bulbs to high‐efficiency fluorescent lights dramatically decreases our electrical consumption. Lifestyle changes are also important, for example, turning off computer monitors when we’re using public transportation. Finally, if all new buildings, appliances, and vehicles were designed with energy efficiency in mind, we could stabilize or even decrease the amount of carbon entering the atmosphere. (JOHANNSEN, Kristin; CHASE, Rebecca. World English 3: Real people. Real places. Real Language. Heinle Cengage Learning. Boston, 2010 ‐ Adaptado.) Qual das alternativas apresenta o uso do present continuous (present progressive)?
67
PUC-PR 2006
When Carlos has a headache, he ______ some tea.
68
EPCAR 2011
When football _____ professional in South Africa in 1959, 12 clubs broke from the amateur ranks. However, in the strict days of Apartheid, these pioneers _____ whites-only organizations and _____ today, all but a few, defunct. One of the survivors is Arcadia from Tshwane/Pretoria, an outfit that today competes in the amateur ranks and concentrates on junior football. Mark the alternative which completes the gaps from the text correctly.
69
CEFET-MG 2006
Biodiesel and its benefits Biodiesel is a cleaner burning diesel replacement fuel made from natural, renewable sources such as new and used vegetable oils and animal fats. Just like petroleum diesel, biodiesel operates in compression-ignition engines. Blends of up to 20% biodiesel (B20), mixed with petroleum diesel fuels, can be used in nearly all diesel equipment and are compatible with most storage and distribution equipment. These low-level blends (20% and less) generally do not require any engine modifications, however, users should consult their OEM and engine warranty statement. Biodiesel can provide the same payload capacity as diesel. Higher blends, even pure biodiesel, which is called 100% biodiesel, or B100, may be able to be used in some engines built since 1994 with little or no modification. However, engine manufacturers are concerned about the impact of B100 on engine durability. Additionally, B100 is generally not suitable for use in low temperature conditions. Transportation and storage of B100, however, require special management. Using biodiesel in a conventional diesel engine substantially reduces emissions of unburned hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, sulfates, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, nitrated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and particulate matter. These reductions increase as the amount of biodiesel blended into diesel fuel increases. The best emission reductions are seen with B100. The use of biodiesel decreases the solid carbon fraction of particulate matter since the oxygen in biodiesel enables more complete combustion to CO2, and reduces the sulfate fraction, while the soluble, or hydrocarbon, fraction stays the same or increases. Therefore, biodiesel works well with emission control technologies such as diesel oxidation catalysts which reduce the soluble fraction of diesel particulate but not the solid carbon fraction. Emissions of nitrogen oxides increase with the concentration of biodiesel in the fuel and the increase is roughly 2% for B20. Some biodiesel produces more nitrogen oxides than others, and some additives have shown promise in reducing the increases. Biodiesel fuel can be made from new or used vegetable oils and animal fats, which are nontoxic, biodegradable, renewable resources. Fats and oils are chemically reacted with an alcohol (methanol is the usual choice) to produce chemical compounds known as fatty acid methyl esters. Biodiesel is the name given to these esters when they’re intended for use as fuel. Glycerol (used in pharmaceuticals and cosmetics, among other markets) is produced as a coproduct. Biodiesel can be produced by a variety of esterification technologies. The oils and fats are filtered and preprocessed to remove water and contaminants. If free fatty acids are present, they can be removed or transformed into biodiesel using special pretreatment technologies. The pretreated oils and fats are then mixed with an alcohol (usually methanol) and a catalyst (usually sodium hydroxide). The oil molecules (triglycerides) are broken apart and reformed into methylesters and glycerol, which are then separated from each other and purified. Approximately 55% of the biodiesel industry can use any fat or oil feedstock, including recycled cooking grease. The other half of the industry is limited to vegetable oils, the least expensive of which is soy oil. The soy industry has been the driving force behind biodiesel commercialization because of excess production capacity, product surpluses, and declining prices. Similar issues apply to the recycled grease and animal fats industry, even though these feedstocks are less expensive than soy oils. Based on the combined resources of both industries, there is enough feedstock to supply 1.9 billion gallons of biodiesel under policies designed to encourage biodiesel use. This represents roughly 5% of on-road diesel used in the United States. Because little fossil energy is required to move biodiesel, it is a substitute or extender for traditional petroleum diesel, and special pumps or high pressure equipment for fueling are not needed. In addition, it can be used in conventional diesel engines, so special vehicles or engines to run biodiesel do not need to be purchased. Scientists believe carbon dioxide is one of the main greenhouse gases contributing to global warming. Neat biodiesel (100% biodiesel) reduces carbon dioxide emissions by more than 75% over petroleum diesel. Using a blend of 20% biodiesel reduces carbon dioxide emissions by 15%. Biodiesel also produces fewer particulate matter, carbon monoxide, and sulfur dioxide emissions, all air pollutants under the Clean Air Act. Since biodiesel can be used in conventional diesel engines, the renewable fuel can directly replace petroleum products; reducing the country’s dependence on imported oil. Biodiesel offers safety benefits over petroleum diesel because it is much less combustible, with a flash point greater than 150 °C, compared to 77 °C for petroleum diesel. It is safe to handle, store, and transport. FONTE: Disponível em: . Acesso em: 23 mar.2006. (adaptado) Glossário: OEM = montadora surpluses = excessos warranty statement = certificado de garantia All the correlations below between verb and idea are correct according to the text, EXCEPT:
70
MACKENZIE 2006
INSIDE A MAKEOVER One Company's story illustrates how music-industry giants are retooling in an attempt to survive the digital future. by Karen Lowry Miller The battle for digital control (I) in the movie business, but (II) virtually over in music. The giants are winning. Court rulings have forced free music upstarts like Grokster and Napster out of business, and earlier this month required Kazaa, the producer of file-sharing technology, to introduce filters to prevent piracy. The idea that free music would gut the big record companies seems a distant memory, even though it was still the conventional wisdom just a year ago. "We're finally seeing a raft of new initiatives from really big players", says Eric Nicoli, chairman of one of the big four music companies, the EMI Group. "This stuff is happening all day, every day now". Just consider the last month: Apple and Motorola unveiled a phone that can play music from iTunes, and announced partnerships with big U.S. and British phone companies to develop the mobile music market. In London, two giant retailers, HMV and Virgin, announced digital music ventures, a sign that the online sector is reaching mass-market size. The big labels have arrested a four-year, 25 percent plunge in sales and can now concentrate on exploring new business models to navigate the digital landscape. Nicoli has the buoyant air of a man who has just survived a close scrape with death. In a recent series of interviews, he and other top execs at EMI offered a detailed glimpse at the recent tumult, and where EMI – and their industry – is likely to go from here. (Adapted from Newsweek.) The words and verb forms which properly fill in blanks I and II in the text are:
71
UFPEL 2008
BLOCKING OUT VIOLENCE OR BLOCKING OUT FREEDOM? In many countries around the world, governments __________ television broadcasting. Government officials preside over the industry and control what will be shown to the public. In other countries, this industry __________ freely and independently. Television stations can __________ whatever they want without government interference. For many people, this lack of government interference in the media symbolizes an important freedom: freedom of speech. The V-chip/ratings system __________ important questions related to this freedom. Parents, children, the broadcasting industry, and free-speech groups all have different opinions. Parents, disgusted with television programming, complain that too many shows are trashy and offensive, rather than wholesome and educational. Many feel that a V-chip/ratings system will protect their children from viewing inappropriate programs. Moreover, they are pleased that the government has finally forced the television industry to clean up the airwaves. Many parents do not think that the notion of a government controlled television ratings system is censorship. They mistrust the industry's ability to regulate itself. To them, 1it is like putting the fox in charge of the henhouse. So parents are hopeful. A parent of one child said, "Boy, I hope the new system will take here as well as it did in Canada." However, not everyone sees the ratings system as a panacea, a cure-all for the whole problem of TV violence. Teenagers in particular view the blocked-out shows as forbidden-fruit. The fact that they can't watch a particular show invariably makes them want to watch it even more. Broadcasters feel that the V-chip/ratings systems is only a quick technological fix. They worry that parents who use the V-chip will block out prime-time shows, profitable evening programs which serve as their bread-and-butter programming. Moreover, broadcasters don't trust the public to use the system. Even though parents say they want less sex and violence on TV, shows containing such scenes are often the most popular. Broadcasters think the public is hypocritical and doubt that any electronic blocking device or ratings system will actually be used. Supporters of freedom of speech, or First Amendment rights, are the loudest protesters against the V chip/ratings system. They can't swallow the idea of blocking out certain programs. For them, this system falls under the category of censorship. In the Telecommunications Act, the government ordered the television industry to establish a ratings system. The law also ordered television manufacturers to install blocking devices in all new sets. The FCC (Federal Communications Commission), a government agency, is responsible for approving the implementation of the V-chip/ratings system. It can reject the broadcasters' ratings system and set up its own. Free speech supporters feel that the government has ultimate power and control over what is shown on television. Therefore, they see this power as full-fledged censorship. NORTH STAR ADVANCED (Second edition) - Francis Boyd and Carol Numrich - Longman Press. Assinale a alternativa que apresenta a forma do verbo que completa, correta e respectivamente, as lacunas no primeiro parágrafo do texto.
72
UNEMAT 2006
WHY IS BRAZIL SO GOOD? Brazil. That single word has come to sum up the very best of football. It stands for artistry, inspiration and genius, for the combination of sublime individual skill and collective fluidity to create a whole that is both beautiful to watch and devastatingly successful. The country has produced 50 years' worth of great players - Garrincha, Pele, Jairzinho, Tostao, Socrates and Zico to name but a few. Having won the World Cup a record five times, not surprisingly Brazil head into the 2006 tournament as the hot favourites to lift the trophy this summer. More than that, though, with outstanding individual talents such as Ronaldo, Ronaldinho and Kaka orchestrating the team, there are also high expectations they will produce moremoments that will live on in football legend. But how does Brazil produce so many great teams and wonderful players? With help from some of the biggest names in the country's football history, BBC Sport finds out what makes Brazil so good. news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/world_cup_2006/teams/brazil/4 751387.stm Assinale a alternativa INCORRETA.
73
UNCISAL 2016
Paris attacks: US states halt taking Syrian refugees More than a dozen US states say Syrian refugees are no longer welcome due to security fears after the Paris attacks. Governor Rick Snyder of Michigan said he was suspending the acceptance of new arrivals until after a review. Alabama, Texas and several other states issued similar statements but a State Department spokesman said the legality of this action was still unclear. President Barack Obama has urged the US to “step up and do its part” to help those fleeing the civil war. “Slamming the door in their faces would be a betrayal of our values,” he said. [...] Disponível em: http://www.bbc.com/. Acesso em: 18 nov. 2015. Na oração “Slamming the door in their faces would be a betrayal of our values,” qual a função sintática do termo em destaque?
74
MACKENZIE 1996
Choose the correct alternative to complete the sentence. "Since I haven't got_________, I will_________."
75
IFBA 2016
Read the text that follows and answer the question according to it. EU farmers protest The warning from farmers is that Europe 1is drowning in milk. Plummeting milk prices 2have led farmers to protest on the streets of Brussels. Police said that farmers and close to tractors were at the 3demonstration. And the scenes seemed to 4have made a difference. EU Agricultural ministers announced a 500 million euro aid package focused on helping milk producers. Russia is one of the EU’s main agricultural export markets worth some billion 5annually. The Russian ban on imports of EU food products and the deregulation of the market hit dairy farmers this year. Changing dietary habits and slowing demand from China have also affected prices for dairy products. The environment secretary Liz Truss planned to call for the creation of a dairy future’s market, similar to those for grain and 6sugar, 7which the government says will give the UK’s dairy farmers more certainty over future prices. Some 8farmers have called for milk production quotas to be reintroduced to avoid 9them having to sell at a loss. Available at: http://www.newsinlevels.com. Accessed on Sept. 15th, 2015. Adapted. Read the sentences I, II, III and IV. Then, check the correct answer according to the Text. I. “is drowning” (ref. 1) is a future action. II. “have led” (ref. 2) and “have made” (ref. 4) are both actions happening in the present. III. “demonstration” (ref. 3) and “annually” (ref. 5) are words formed with prefixes. IV. “which” (ref. 7) refers to “sugar” (ref. 6) and “them” (ref. 9) refers to “farmers” (ref. 8).
76
UPF 2014
About the National Reading Campaign In 2008 a group of volunteers — writers, teachers, librarians, parents, young people, and book and magazine publishers — got together to talk about a nationwide way to make Canada a country of readers. Over the course of four years, the group grew and organized three national summits, held in Toronto, Montreal, and Vancouver (with distance participation from across the country). The summits provided an opportunity to learn about the national reading plans around the world, from Brazil to the Netherlands, to discuss the best of the many innovative programs already in place in Canada, and to use this information as a base for developing our own National Reading Plan. Word has spread and more volunteers have come together in working groups of more than a hundred participants. The National Reading Plan is the fruit of all this information. In 2012, The National Reading Campaign was incorporated as a not-for profit organization. Disponível em: . Acesso em: 25 ago. 2013. It is possible to assert the volunteers who started the group:
77
UEG 2003
TEXTO 3 A THIRSTY PLANET A woman drops a bucket into a dry well in Africa. A Chinese family watches its home vanish beneath a new reservoir. An Australian farmer kicks the salt crust slowly poisoning his field. In all corners of the globe people face trouble with water. It is the tie that binds every living thing, as vital to life as air. Yet one third of the world’s people live in countries where water supplies often don’t meet demand; more than a billion lack access to clean drinking water altogether. Those numbers will drastically increase in the next 25 years as the population grows. It’s not that we’re running out – Earth is awash in water, continuously recycling the same amount it’s had for eons. But accessible fresh water in lakes, rivers, and aquifers, often called renewable water, is less than onetenth of one percent of all Earth’s water – and it rarely lies where it’s needed most. We’ve tapped half of it already, and many of the world’s great watersheds now suffer from pollution, overexploitation, and political conflict. Have you checked your water source lately? NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC. Washington, D.C. Sep. 2002. Supplement. Assinale a alternativa INCORRETA:

Lista de exercícios

UPE 2012

UEMA 2015

MACKENZIE 2012

UNESP 2006

UFRGS 2005

UPE 2013

PUC-PR 2006

EPCAR 2011

CEFET-MG 2006

MACKENZIE 2006

UFPEL 2008

UNEMAT 2006

UNCISAL 2016

MACKENZIE 1996

IFBA 2016

UPF 2014

UEG 2003

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